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Family Environments Impact Drug Behavior
November 27th, 2012 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
Previous studies have shown that early family experiences have a large impact on children’s future behaviors, including substance use and other negative outcomes. As children establish their own families, they build upon the skills and practices they learned in their family of origin. Thus, both risk and protective factors from the family of origin affect levels of risk or protection in the family of cohabitation formed with a spouse or a romantic partner. Previous research has shown that alcohol and tobacco dependence are linked and are influenced by family environmental factors, both...
November 27th, 2012 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
Previous studies have shown that early family experiences have a large impact on children’s future behaviors, including substance use and other negative outcomes. As children establish their own families, they build upon the skills and practices they learned in their family of origin. Thus, both risk and protective factors from the family of origin affect levels of risk or protection in the family of cohabitation formed with a spouse or a romantic partner. Previous research has shown that alcohol and tobacco dependence are linked and are influenced by family environmental factors, both...
Drinking by Moms May Mean Bad Behavior Babies
September 26th, 2012 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
One in every eight women report consuming alcohol during pregnancy. Earlier studies have shown that prenatal alcohol consumption is associated with behavioral difficulties in children, including conduct and attention problems. Animal research has found that moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with irritability, attention problems, and poor neurological functioning in offspring. This study examined the effect of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy on infant behavioral outcomes and birth weight, and investigated differential susceptibility to these effects. The...
September 26th, 2012 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
One in every eight women report consuming alcohol during pregnancy. Earlier studies have shown that prenatal alcohol consumption is associated with behavioral difficulties in children, including conduct and attention problems. Animal research has found that moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with irritability, attention problems, and poor neurological functioning in offspring. This study examined the effect of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy on infant behavioral outcomes and birth weight, and investigated differential susceptibility to these effects. The...
Adolescent Pot Users Show Lasting IQ Drop
September 26th, 2012 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
This study was conducted in the context of broader research on the health and behavior of all the babies born in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1972-73. The data on 1037 individuals from birth to 38 years offered a unique opportunity to investigate the neuropsychological effects of persistent cannabis use. Participants were assessed via diagnostic interview at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38 and grouped according to their number of dependence diagnoses: (1) never used, (2) reported use during at least one of the assessments but never diagnosed as dependent, (3) diagnosed as dependent at one...
September 26th, 2012 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
This study was conducted in the context of broader research on the health and behavior of all the babies born in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1972-73. The data on 1037 individuals from birth to 38 years offered a unique opportunity to investigate the neuropsychological effects of persistent cannabis use. Participants were assessed via diagnostic interview at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38 and grouped according to their number of dependence diagnoses: (1) never used, (2) reported use during at least one of the assessments but never diagnosed as dependent, (3) diagnosed as dependent at one...
More Clues to the Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Legacy
August 24th, 2012 / Abused Drugs / Betty Ford Institute
More than 8.3 million children under 18 years of age (11.9%) live with at least one parent who was dependent on or abused alcohol or an illicit drug during the past year. There is an extensive research literature linking parental substance use disorder (SUD) to an increased risk of SUD in their children as adults. However, few studies have looked at whether parental treatment for or recovery from drug problems reduces the risk of their child later developing an SUD. A recent study analyzed data from a national survey that identified persons aged 15–54 years who were living in...
August 24th, 2012 / Abused Drugs / Betty Ford Institute
More than 8.3 million children under 18 years of age (11.9%) live with at least one parent who was dependent on or abused alcohol or an illicit drug during the past year. There is an extensive research literature linking parental substance use disorder (SUD) to an increased risk of SUD in their children as adults. However, few studies have looked at whether parental treatment for or recovery from drug problems reduces the risk of their child later developing an SUD. A recent study analyzed data from a national survey that identified persons aged 15–54 years who were living in...
Parents Do Matter
August 24th, 2012 / Abused Drugs / Betty Ford Institute
Preventing harmful substance use and early intervention are critical to keeping youth healthy and successful. Parents are a key to prevention since parenting practices and perceptions about substance use can produce either a risky or protective environment for their children. The Partnership at Drugfree.org developed Parents: You Matter (PYM) to teach parents of 12- to 17-year-olds about substance use, and to provide them with tools and resources to prevent substance use or, if necessary, to intervene if harmful use occurs. This report in Community Science assessed the effectiveness of...
August 24th, 2012 / Abused Drugs / Betty Ford Institute
Preventing harmful substance use and early intervention are critical to keeping youth healthy and successful. Parents are a key to prevention since parenting practices and perceptions about substance use can produce either a risky or protective environment for their children. The Partnership at Drugfree.org developed Parents: You Matter (PYM) to teach parents of 12- to 17-year-olds about substance use, and to provide them with tools and resources to prevent substance use or, if necessary, to intervene if harmful use occurs. This report in Community Science assessed the effectiveness of...
Parent Incentive Program Reduces Problems of Kids
July 5th, 2011 / Abused Drugs / Betty Ford Institute
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA), 13.6% of all children ages 3-5 live in a home where one or more parents have a past year diagnosis of drug abuse or dependence. Parental drug abuse increases risk of conduct problems in their children. The pre-school period and transition to elementary school is particularly important because that is when the onset of life-course-persistent problems occurs. This innovative study at the Center for Addiction Research, the University of Arkansas, consisting of homework, class sessions, and a novel...
July 5th, 2011 / Abused Drugs / Betty Ford Institute
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA), 13.6% of all children ages 3-5 live in a home where one or more parents have a past year diagnosis of drug abuse or dependence. Parental drug abuse increases risk of conduct problems in their children. The pre-school period and transition to elementary school is particularly important because that is when the onset of life-course-persistent problems occurs. This innovative study at the Center for Addiction Research, the University of Arkansas, consisting of homework, class sessions, and a novel...
Preventing Fetal Alcohol Disorders
March 3rd, 2011 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
Alcohol is a teratogen (a substance capable of interfering with the development of organ systems, including the central nervous system). Alcohol use by pregnant women 18-44 years old is a leading cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities in the US. Yet, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are entirely preventable as long as pregnant women do not drink alcohol. According to this recent report sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), alcohol use prior to pregnancy is a strong predictor of use during pregnancy. Previously reported data...
March 3rd, 2011 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
Alcohol is a teratogen (a substance capable of interfering with the development of organ systems, including the central nervous system). Alcohol use by pregnant women 18-44 years old is a leading cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities in the US. Yet, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are entirely preventable as long as pregnant women do not drink alcohol. According to this recent report sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), alcohol use prior to pregnancy is a strong predictor of use during pregnancy. Previously reported data...
Parental Movie Restrictions and Youth Alcohol Use
December 2nd, 2010 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
Research has linked entertainment media with aggressive behavior, smoking, and sexual behavior. But less is known about the relationship between movies and alcohol use. This Dartmouth Medical School study looked at how parental restrictions on R-movie viewing influenced the risk of early-onset alcohol use. Participants were 3577 New England middle school youths (grades 5-8) who had reported never drinking. The question was asked, “How often do your parents let you watch R-rated movies or videos?” Follow-up was conducted 13-36 months later using a computer assisted telephone...
December 2nd, 2010 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
Research has linked entertainment media with aggressive behavior, smoking, and sexual behavior. But less is known about the relationship between movies and alcohol use. This Dartmouth Medical School study looked at how parental restrictions on R-movie viewing influenced the risk of early-onset alcohol use. Participants were 3577 New England middle school youths (grades 5-8) who had reported never drinking. The question was asked, “How often do your parents let you watch R-rated movies or videos?” Follow-up was conducted 13-36 months later using a computer assisted telephone...
How Children Perceive Alcohol Use Risks
November 11th, 2010 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
A recent study by University of Maryland researchers looked at the difference between children's self-perceptions of their risk of alcohol use versus their perceptions of risk of alcohol use for other children, and whether these discrepancies predicted children's future alcohol use. They cite research indicating that 58% of U.S. children have had at least minimal experience with alcohol before the age of 12 years and that recent evidence shows those children’s perceptions about alcohol risk is a predictor of early-onset alcohol use. This study examined 277 children ages 9 to 13...
November 11th, 2010 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
A recent study by University of Maryland researchers looked at the difference between children's self-perceptions of their risk of alcohol use versus their perceptions of risk of alcohol use for other children, and whether these discrepancies predicted children's future alcohol use. They cite research indicating that 58% of U.S. children have had at least minimal experience with alcohol before the age of 12 years and that recent evidence shows those children’s perceptions about alcohol risk is a predictor of early-onset alcohol use. This study examined 277 children ages 9 to 13...
How Very Young Girls View Alcohol
January 31st, 2006 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
Alcohol use among all adolescents has always been an area of concern. In recent years, the rates of alcohol use among very young female adolescents have been of special interest, and have been increasing as well. This study examines the prevalence of alcohol use, accompanying sociodemographic factors, expectancies, and future intentions among girls eight to 10 years of age. Researchers examined data taken from the ongoing Pittsburgh Girls Study, in which alcohol-use behaviors and attitudes were assessed annually during a three-year period among a community sample of preadolescent girls....
January 31st, 2006 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
Alcohol use among all adolescents has always been an area of concern. In recent years, the rates of alcohol use among very young female adolescents have been of special interest, and have been increasing as well. This study examines the prevalence of alcohol use, accompanying sociodemographic factors, expectancies, and future intentions among girls eight to 10 years of age. Researchers examined data taken from the ongoing Pittsburgh Girls Study, in which alcohol-use behaviors and attitudes were assessed annually during a three-year period among a community sample of preadolescent girls....
Animal Studies May Help Children Exposed to Drugs
August 31st, 2004 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
Prenatal exposure to legal and illegal drugs is one of the single most preventable causes of developmental problems in North American children today. Large-scale investigations indicate that children who are born to mothers who abused drugs during pregnancy have an increased risk of substance abuse or addictive behaviors. This review summarizes the experimental animal research that investigated the role of drug exposure in utero on the development of specific brain circuits that are involved in the reinforcing effects of addictive drugs, and on the behaviors that are controlled by these...
August 31st, 2004 / Children / Betty Ford Institute
Prenatal exposure to legal and illegal drugs is one of the single most preventable causes of developmental problems in North American children today. Large-scale investigations indicate that children who are born to mothers who abused drugs during pregnancy have an increased risk of substance abuse or addictive behaviors. This review summarizes the experimental animal research that investigated the role of drug exposure in utero on the development of specific brain circuits that are involved in the reinforcing effects of addictive drugs, and on the behaviors that are controlled by these...
Early Sleep Difficulties May Point to Later A&D Problems
August 31st, 2004 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
August 31, 2004 Researchers already know that some adults with sleep problems later develop alcohol-use disorders. No long term research, however, has studied the relationship between sleep problems (overtiredness and difficulty sleeping) during childhood and subsequent alcohol use during adolescence. This study examined whether sleep problems in early childhood predict the onset of alcohol and other drug use in adolescence, and also if such a relationship is affected by other known predictors of early onset alcohol use and problems, such as attention problems, anxiety/depression, and...
August 31st, 2004 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
August 31, 2004 Researchers already know that some adults with sleep problems later develop alcohol-use disorders. No long term research, however, has studied the relationship between sleep problems (overtiredness and difficulty sleeping) during childhood and subsequent alcohol use during adolescence. This study examined whether sleep problems in early childhood predict the onset of alcohol and other drug use in adolescence, and also if such a relationship is affected by other known predictors of early onset alcohol use and problems, such as attention problems, anxiety/depression, and...
Who Do Alcohol Ads Think They Are Kidding?
January 31st, 2003 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
More than $1 billion is spent on alcohol advertising each year via television, radio, magazines, billboards, and posters in public venues. Although many complex factors (parents, friends, other environmental influences) shape children’s attitudes about alcohol, there is a growing concern about the potential effects that alcohol advertising may have on young people. Studies indicate that children and adolescents who are more exposed to alcohol advertisements 1) believe that drinking is more likely to have positive consequences, 2) perceive higher levels of alcohol use by, and approval of,...
January 31st, 2003 / Adolescents / Betty Ford Institute
More than $1 billion is spent on alcohol advertising each year via television, radio, magazines, billboards, and posters in public venues. Although many complex factors (parents, friends, other environmental influences) shape children’s attitudes about alcohol, there is a growing concern about the potential effects that alcohol advertising may have on young people. Studies indicate that children and adolescents who are more exposed to alcohol advertisements 1) believe that drinking is more likely to have positive consequences, 2) perceive higher levels of alcohol use by, and approval of,...
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